In nature, there are a large number of microorganisms in air, water, soil, inside and outside of animals and plants, and on various items. To prepare edible fungus strains, it is necessary to use effective methods to inhibit the growth of other microorganisms and create environmental conditions that are conducive to the growth of edible fungi. This requires us to disinfect all links in the production of edible fungi. Disinfection can be divided into three methods: low temperature disinfection, boiling water disinfection and chemical agent disinfection.
1. Low temperature disinfection
Low-temperature disinfection is to sterilize at a temperature of 60-75 degrees. Low-temperature disinfection can kill most of the vegetative cells of microorganisms. For example, the fermentation process of compost is a low-temperature disinfection process, which can effectively kill harmful bacteria and pests in raw materials.
2. Boiling water disinfection
Boiling water disinfection is to boil in boiling water for 30-40 minutes to kill the vegetative cells of microorganisms. If you want to kill bacterial spores or mold spores, you need to extend the boiling time for more than 2 hours. It is mainly used for the disinfection of metal inoculation utensils and syringes.
3. Chemical disinfection
Chemical disinfection is the use of chemicals to kill microorganisms.
(1) Disinfectants commonly used for disinfection include: for fumigation, air disinfection is mainly 37%-40% formaldehyde stock solution; For spraying the ground and walls for disinfection: 5% carbolic acid solution, 2%-5% bleach solution, 1%-2% Lysol, Bordeaux mixture (1:1 copper sulfate, lime diluted to 100-200 times the solution), etc.
Note: When the operator enters the mushroom house, try to exhaust the formaldehyde gas.
(2) Disinfectants for inoculation rooms, instruments, mushroom wood surfaces, etc.: 70%-75% alcohol is commonly used for disinfection of countertops, instruments, mushroom wood surfaces, and hands of inoculation personnel during inoculation. Absolute ethanol and 95% ethanol are not available. In addition, 5% formaldehyde, 0.25% bromogeramine, 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, 0.1%-0.2% potassium permanganate solution, etc. can also be used for disinfection.